Celery thrives in cool and humid environments, with a moderate level of cold tolerance. Its optimal growth temperature ranges between 15°C and 20°C. While the seedling stage can tolerate higher temperatures, germination typically begins at around 4°C. The best germination conditions are achieved at 15–20°C, although high temperatures can slow down the process. Additionally, celery seeds require sufficient moisture and some light to germinate effectively.
Celery can be planted throughout the year, depending on the local climate. In Hangzhou, for example, seedlings are usually sown from mid-June to August and again from late January to February. During these periods, seedlings are grown for 1–2 months, with about 250 grams per mu using plastic film cover, and the seedling age is around 50–60 days. From mid-June to July, seedlings are planted at a rate of 0.5 kg per mu using shade nets, with an age of 40–50 days. In August, seedlings are also planted at 250 grams per mu, using shade nets, and the seedlings are about 50 days old.
Due to the small size and thick outer layer of celery seeds (which are actually fruits), they have poor water permeability and weak emergence ability. Germination requires lower temperatures, so proper pre-sowing treatment is essential to speed up the process. Typically, seeds are soaked for 12–14 hours, then rinsed and manually cleaned to remove the outer layer. After drying, they are kept at 20–22°C until about 50% of the seeds begin to germinate. Before planting, the soil should be moistened, and shading and rain protection should be provided during hot weather. After planting, the soil should remain consistently moist for 7–14 days following emergence. When the seedlings develop 4–6 true leaves, they can be transplanted. Because celery takes time to emerge, weeds often appear in the seedbed, so it's important to remove them when the seedlings have 1–2 true leaves.
This detailed care ensures healthy growth and maximizes yield. Whether you're a seasoned farmer or a gardening enthusiast, understanding these growing conditions and techniques will help you cultivate strong, vibrant celery plants. With proper timing, watering, and attention, your celery crop can thrive all year round.
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