The rapid growth of flexible electronics has brought wearable devices into our daily lives, enhancing health monitoring, communication, and entertainment. Among these innovations, flexible organic solar cells stand out due to their flexibility, low weight, adaptability to various patterns, and impressive energy conversion efficiency under indoor lighting. These attributes make them ideal for integrating into wearable electronics, reducing the weight of power supplies, and extending battery life. However, ensuring consistent performance under mechanical stress, such as stretching and bending, remains a challenge. The mechanical stability of flexible organic solar cells often falls short of meeting the demands of wearable tech, and the specific causes behind performance degradation during bending are not yet fully understood.
Changqi Ma's team at the Suzhou Institute of Nanotechnology, part of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, has made significant strides in this area. Known for pioneering work in preparing large-area transparent conductive electrodes (Adv. Funct. Mater. 2021, 31, 20007276) and modifying interfaces with amorphous metal oxides (J. Mater. Chem. A 2021, 9, 16889-1697; Adv. Mater, 2022, 34, 2110276), they've achieved high-efficiency flexible organic solar cells. Recently, in collaboration with Feng Zhang's team, they delved deeper into understanding the mechanisms of performance degradation during bending and explored solutions to enhance durability.
Their research uncovered that the primary cause of performance decline during bending stems from weak adhesion between the MoO3 hole transport layer and the organic photoactive layer, leading to MoO3 layer damage. To address this issue, the team introduced thermoplastic elastomer SEBS at the interface between the organic active layer and the MoO3 hole transport layer. Through mechanical property tests and stress field simulations, they found that the elastomeric material reduces the interface's elastic modulus, alleviates stress on the top electrode, and strengthens interface bonding (Figure 1). This approach yielded flexible, large-area organic solar cells with an impressive efficiency of 16.15%. Even after 10,000 bends with a 5mm radius, the device maintained over 90% of its initial efficiency (base thickness 125μm). This represents some of the best bending stability among flexible organic solar cells (Figure 2), suggesting the method holds great promise for improving the mechanical durability of flexible solar cells.
This research, titled "Thermoplastic Elastomer Enhanced Interface Adhesion and Bending Durability for Flexible Organic Solar Cells," appears in npj Flexible Electronics. It was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the Youth Innovation Promotion Association of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, and the Nanovacuum Internet Experimental Station of the Suzhou Institute of Nanometers.
[Figures not included here but can be referenced as described.]
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