Metal halide lamps, also known as halogen lamps, are compact and highly efficient light sources, offering luminous efficiency of up to 17-33 lm/W. They maintain a stable color temperature ranging from 2500K to 3500K, with minimal light decay (less than 5%) and an extended lifespan of up to 5000 hours. These features make them increasingly popular as a replacement for traditional incandescent bulbs. However, due to the use of expensive quartz glass, halogen lamps tend to be more costly than standard incandescent options. Like incandescent lamps, they come in various types based on their application, design, and shape.
Metal halide bulbs are available in a wide range of wattages, from 35 watts up to 2000 watts. Most manufacturers typically offer medium-sized bulbs in the 175W to 400W range, including common sizes like 175W, 200W, 225W, 250W, 300W, 320W, 350W, 360W, and 400W. These bulbs are well-suited for applications requiring high-intensity lighting, strong brightness, and excellent color rendering.
One of the key advantages of metal halide lamps is their energy efficiency and reduced heat output compared to incandescent lamps. They are also easier to control optically, making them ideal for commercial settings where low operating costs and high-quality lighting are essential. Their long service life makes them particularly suitable for areas with high ceilings or where continuous lighting is needed over long periods—such as industrial facilities, warehouses, streets, stadiums, and sports arenas. Like other AC lamps, metal halide lamps also require ballasts to function properly.
Developed from high-pressure mercury lamps, metal halide lamps use high-purity quartz tubes filled with a mixture of mercury, argon, gallium iodide, iron iodide, and other rare metal halides. After sealing with molybdenum filaments, the lamp is completed with a metal base or ceramic cap. Gallium iodide contributes specific spectral lines at 403 nm and 417 nm, enhancing the lamp’s color characteristics. Iron iodide, on the other hand, provides broad-spectrum ultraviolet radiation and improves the lamp’s performance in the 380 nm range. This makes metal halide lamps especially useful in applications such as photopolymer exposure and daylight film processing. The spectral output of these lamps closely matches the absorption spectra of certain materials, enabling fast curing reactions in industries like film printing, screen printing, PCB manufacturing, and diazo plate exposure.
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