High-alumina bricks are classified based on their aluminum oxide (Al₂O₃) content, typically ranging from 48% to 75%, with some specialized grades exceeding 75% and approaching corundum levels. These bricks are widely used in high-temperature industrial applications due to their excellent thermal stability and resistance to wear.
Bricks with an Al₂O₃ content of 55% or lower are generally referred to as clay bricks. They are considered neutral refractory materials and are often made using a combination of clay and high-alumina materials. Clay bricks have a fire-resistant temperature around 1700°C and are commonly used in glass furnaces, cement kilns, and steel-making furnace linings. However, there are also advanced high-alumina clay bricks that offer improved properties such as higher density, lower porosity, and better creep resistance, making them suitable for more demanding environments.
Although high-alumina bricks and clay bricks share similar production processes, the former contains a much higher percentage of clinker—often between 90% and 95%—which significantly increases their firing temperature. This makes high-alumina bricks more durable and suitable for harsher conditions. In practice, they are frequently used in tunnel kilns operating at temperatures between 1500°C and 1600°C, as well as in blast furnaces, furnace tops, reverberatory furnaces, and rotary kiln linings.
The choice between different types of bricks depends on the specific requirements of the application, including temperature, mechanical stress, and chemical exposure. Manufacturers carefully adjust the raw material ratios to optimize performance and ensure long-term reliability in various industrial settings.
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