Reactive Turquoise KN-G is commonly used in the dyeing of cellulose fibers due to its bright color, low cost, and good dyeing performance. However, it tends to cause issues such as color spots, uneven dyeing, and color bleeding during the dyeing and fixation process. To address these problems, appropriate leveling agents are added during commercial dyeing, along with proper use of sodium sulfate and alkali agents. This helps improve the color fastness and achieve a more uniform dyeing effect.
In this study, the effects of different levels of a leveling agent (JY-21) on the dyeing behavior of Reactive Turquoise KN-G were investigated. The test involved varying concentrations of the leveling agent (0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0 g/L) under controlled conditions, including temperature, dyeing time, and soda ash addition. The results showed that increasing the concentration of the leveling agent reduced the K/S value, indicating a slower dyeing rate and better leveling effect. This led to fewer color spots and improved color uniformity.
The stability of the dye solution was also tested by observing the formation of agglomerates on filter paper after adding sodium sulfate and soda ash. Without the leveling agent, the dye tended to precipitate quickly, leading to poor solubility and uneven dyeing. However, with the addition of JY-21, the dye remained dispersed for a longer period, reducing the risk of color defects.
Additionally, the influence of fixing temperature on dyeing performance was evaluated. At 80°C, the dyeing strength increased by 14%, and both soaping and rubbing fastness improved significantly. This suggests that higher temperatures can enhance the diffusion and reaction of the dye with cellulose fibers, resulting in better color retention and durability.
Overall, the optimal dosage of the leveling agent was found to be between 1.5 and 2.0 g/L. This range provided the best balance between dyeing efficiency, color uniformity, and fastness properties. Proper pretreatment of the fabric, accurate dosing of chemicals, and careful control of temperature and pH during the dyeing and finishing stages are essential for achieving high-quality dyeing results.
By following these guidelines, manufacturers can minimize common dyeing issues such as color spots, stains, and color flowers, ensuring a more consistent and durable final product.
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