Abstract On July 7, Fortune released the list of the world's top 500 companies, with 91 companies listed in mainland China. But apart from Huawei's benchmark, there are very few independent property rights and innovative companies. Even the Chinese auto companies on the list are mainly based on OEM. in comparison...
On July 7, Fortune released the list of the world's top 500, with 91 companies listed in mainland China. But apart from Huawei's benchmark, there are very few independent property rights and innovative companies. Even the Chinese auto companies on the list are mainly based on OEM. In comparison, Germany has only 29 companies listed in the top 500, but because of the advanced manufacturing system, it retains the reputation of “German chariot†in the industrial field. Now, Germany is even beginning to launch the fourth industrial revolution. They plan to take the lead in making breakthroughs in the research projects of "smart factories" to achieve low-cost, high-volume, high-quality industrial production. Goal? Regain lost ground from the “world factory†in developing countries.
What is talked about here is not the endless price war between e-commerce and sales terminals, but the epoch-making revolution in the source of production. The German National Academy of Science and Engineering (aca-tech) believes that smart factories can increase plant capacity by 30% to achieve high volume, low cost and better quality production. In this way, Germany can not only grab the share of European peers in the manufacturing industry, but also hope to kill the Chinese factory to 7:1.
What is Industry 4.0?
A plastic empty bottle is labeled "identity card" (a broadcast frequency identification mark) from the moment of production completion, followed by whether to fill the shampoo or shower gel, with a red cap or a blue cap. Which label is attached, how to achieve logistics distribution. All the machines corresponding to the production process can use the high-speed camera to scan the "identity card" and read the task. At the end of the assembly of the product, the customer will receive a notification immediately. The process of delivery is also based on the Internet and information technology "independent".
From the factory production assembly to the consumer terminal, most of these links can be completely unmanned. Customers can check the latest developments at any time.
If such technology is applied to the production of all product parts, then the product itself can calculate which part of the raw materials are missing, which specific location to send, or even know whether there is a corresponding staff in the factory.
For example, a Bosch diesel injector that injects into a car engine in the future, the production model envisaged in the future is this: only for real-time order completion, the component itself is marked with an “identity card†to carry all technical requirements, and the consumer needs , information on the place of delivery.
Such a diesel injector can then be sent to Mercedes-Benz Trucks, which can continue to “talk†to the machines in the Mercedes-Benz plant and pass the information back to Bosch. Of course, unless it is a shared code information partner, in theory, the "identity card" information that a company gives to the product can not be cracked by other companies.
Let the machine and the products in production talk directly, all the links are connected through the wireless network. This kind of scene similar to "Toy Story" is "smart factory" and the final embodiment of "Industry 4.0".
In today's factory, the information in each link is also automatically controlled. The problem is that the information between the links and the links is not shared. For example, company logistics and cost accounting, manpower deployment belongs to one operating system; production line belongs to another system. The programming language of each operating system is difficult to interoperate. Take this shampoo bottle as an example. How does the factory's machine know how many bottles need a red cap, how many blue caps are needed, how does the machine control the cap inventory, and how to handle the logistics? Is the transport worker in the warehouse enough?
The barrier between this system and the system is the biggest obstacle to improving automation. This is also a problem encountered by German companies and research institutions: as long as data standardization is achieved, data barriers are broken, and data processing speed is fast enough, then "Industry 4.0" is realized. Of course, it is better to do more difficult information before it is overcome. Work safely to ensure that ubiquitous business spies and product piracy are not available?
Imagine it is not difficult to understand, assuming that all of Volkswagen's products are a common data set, any one of the auto parts may have the core secret of the entire company, that is, the real "snack to see the whole leopard" The result may be lost in all.
Germany sets off the industrial revolution to save Europe
“Industry 4.0†is a concept created by the Germans and is rarely heard outside Germany. The Germans also boldly defined "Industry 4.0" as the fourth industrial revolution.
The first industrial revolution began with the invention of the steam engine, the second was the assembly line operation and large-scale industrial production in the early 20th century, and the third was the automated production brought by information and electronic technology in the past few decades. At this point, if you open up the data barriers of all production links and use the wireless network to control everything, you can count as "the fourth time."
This seems to be only the case in the science fiction film, in the expectation of Siemens company strategy director Peter Herweck, "It takes about 20 years to achieve."
In order to make the fourth revolution come faster, the German government appointed several ministers including the Ministry of the Interior, the Ministry of Education and the Ministry of Economics and Technology to form the "Industry 4.0 Working Group" in January 2012 as a prospect for the federal government's high-tech strategy. Sex projects, funding industry alliances, research institutions and companies to do strategic deployment planning and related technology research.
The German Centre for Artificial Intelligence and 20 leading industrial companies and research institutes have built a smart factory in Kaiserslautern, Germany. German companies are also eager to try to be the leader in this wave. Take Siemens as an example. This company, which uses automation technology and industrial software systems as its strengths, has been expanding its business related to vertical IT systems for many years. Over the years, every software acquisition by Siemens has been to merge and update the technology they need for the Industry 4.0 era.
The goal of German companies is to become a leading provider in the Information Physics System (CPS), one of the key words in the Industrial 4.0 era. Analysts believe that if Germany can achieve their goals, it will be a big plus for saving the entire European industry.
According to the analysis of Roland Berger, a German strategic consulting firm: At present, in addition to Germany and Eastern Europe, many EU member states are “negative industrializationâ€. Industry 4.0 is a big opportunity for Europe as a whole and is well suited to the European model.
At present, the strength of German industry is mainly reflected in the field of automobile manufacturing and electronic engineering, but it can be excellent in these two fields. According to research figures from Deutsche Bank, German companies are currently creating one-third of the industrial added value of the European Union.
After that were Italy, France and the United Kingdom, as well as Spain. The difference is that in other countries, the share of industrial added value is gradually shrinking, while Germany does not.
“From Europe as a whole, industry contributes 15% of the overall economic value added, 80% of technological innovation and 75% of total exports. If you count the industry-related services, industry is the engine of European social economy. Competitors from Asia have made Europe lose a lot in the past 10 years," Roland Berger said.
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