In general, winter wheat is planted for 6 to 10 days, but it is affected by temperature, sowing depth, soil moisture and quality of the wheat. Six kinds of abnormal seedlings must be paid attention to in the wheat seedling stage. If the attention is not paid, the production will be seriously affected. The following describes the causes and prevention methods of several abnormal seedlings:
Because of the large amount of straw in the seedlings, the rotary tiller cuts the grass unevenly during the tillage, and it encounters heavy rain after sowing. It is easy to cause deep seeding, topsoil compaction and emergence in the straw or grassland. Slow, even the wheat seedlings can not be properly emerged, or the stems are fine, the leaves are small, the yellow leaves, the plants are less, and the mites are less, so that the yield is reduced later.
Precautionary measures should be carried out immediately with the gums to carry out the soil and clear the soil, improve the permeability of the soil, and promote timely emergence and tillering. The deep-sowed wheat seedlings will have stems in the ground, which is also a typical feature of deep-sowed wheat seedlings.
When the seedlings are too large in seeding and the seeding technique is not refined, the seedlings of the seedlings after sowing will often appear. The cultivated land technology is not good, the clods are not broken, and there are many big ones; or the steps are uneven when planting and walking, and the seedlings often appear in places with slow walking.
First, preventive measures are to grasp the scientific and reasonable amount of seeding, and determine the seed germination rate before sowing. The second is to finely level the ground before the sowing, and strive to crush the soil. For seedlings that have been seeded too densely, the cultivating technique is used to remove the excess seedlings early.
The seeding quality of the needle seedlings is poor, the seeding amount is too large, the seeding is too deep or the soil preparation before the sowing is not fine, and the seedlings are easily formed when the seedlings are severely pressed after the sowing. In addition, sometimes the anti-wheat seedlings are frozen, and the soil-fertilizer is applied to cover the wheat seedlings, and the cover is thick. When it is raised in the spring, it is easy to form a standing needle seedling. The needles of the needles are needle-shaped, with fewer tillers and fewer leaves. The wheat seedlings are thin and long, and the shape is not enough.
Preventive measures While improving the quality of the land preparation and mastering the appropriate amount of sowing, we should also pay attention to grasping the reasonable sowing depth, generally 3~5 cm is appropriate to prevent too deep and too shallow. For any reason, the needle-forming seedlings must be soiled and cultivated to remove excess wheat seedlings. And timely fertilize and water the needle seedlings, and let the needle seedlings grow vigorously as soon as possible. Fertilization should be poured 2% ~ 5% urea or diammonium phosphate solution.
Dew seedlings are unevenly covered or wheat is planted, or dew seedlings are prone to occur due to mechanical failures and the like. Dew seedlings are prone to freezing damage, easy to fall, and easy to dry in the later stage. When using herbicides , they are also prone to phytotoxicity. The prevention and treatment method is to cover the soil early.
Precautionary measures For the intercropping wheat, a large-sized coulter is installed in the middle of the rotary tiller, and the gutter is opened by reverse rotation, and the fine soil formed by the ditch is used to cover the seed.
Lack of seedlings and ridges is mainly caused by poor soil moisture, or uneven ground, uneven watering; wheat germination rate is not high, mixed with uneven mixing; large garbage, planter failure and damage caused by underground pests. Generally, no seedlings below 15 cm in wheat ridges are lacking in seedlings;
The first precautions are fine land preparation, and the ground should be leveled. Secondly, the foot is planted. If the land is not enough when planting, it must be watered one week in advance, and then planted when the water is suitable. Third, the germination test of the wheat must be done. The germination rate is less than 95%. Try not to use it as a wheat seed. Mix well before sowing. Fourth, timely control underground pests.
Wang Chang Miao often forms a long-term wheat seedling before the temperature is high and the planting is too early and the fertilizer is too strong. When this happens, it will reduce the anti-freezing ability of the wheat seedlings, reduce the tillering rate, and prone to disease, premature aging, and lodging in the later stage, which is not conducive to high yield.
Precautionary measures should be carried out in a timely manner before winter. If it is too strong, it can be repressed many times. If conditions permit, it can be deeply rooted, and the excessively long wheat seedlings and appropriate amount of high-efficiency chemical control products such as multi-grain giant gold can be controlled to prevent winter. Before the jointing, and the late application of jointing fertilizer.
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