Defects within perovskite films remain one of the primary obstacles to achieving high efficiency and long-term stability in perovskite-based photovoltaic devices. Traditional methods involving organic passivation layers often encounter issues like insufficient coverage and solvent-related instability, which can exacerbate surface defects. These challenges not only hinder the performance of perovskite solar cells but also restrict their widespread application. Hence, exploring innovative solutions to mitigate these defects is crucial for advancing this technology.
A research group led by Song Yanlin at the Key Laboratory of the Green Printing under the Institute of Chemistry of the Chinese Academy of Sciences has introduced a novel approach using carbon disulfide gas-phase treatment to address shallow energy-level defects on the perovskite surface. This technique successfully passivates uncoordinated lead and iodine vacancies while increasing the defect formation energy of iodine vacancies to 0.54 electronvolts. Devices fabricated through this method demonstrated remarkable photoelectric conversion efficiencies—25.20% for small-area cells (0.08 cm²) and 20.66% for larger modules (40.6 cm²)—alongside impressive durability. Furthermore, this scalable strategy offers a reliable way to uniformly treat large-scale perovskite films post-annealing, paving the way for enhanced commercial viability.
The study, recently published in *Advanced Materials*, received funding from the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the Ministry of Science and Technology, and the Chinese Academy of Sciences. Below is an image showcasing the resulting perovskite module device based on gas-phase passivation.
This breakthrough underscores the potential of gas-phase treatments in overcoming existing limitations in perovskite photovoltaics. As renewable energy demands continue to grow, such advancements hold significant promise for accelerating the transition toward sustainable power generation.
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