Winter wheat planting has begun. Seed treatment measures such as seed selection, sun-dried seeding and seed coating are the most important tasks before wheat planting. Then, how to mix seeds, and what products should be selected for seed dressing, what are the misunderstandings?
Generally, seed treatment agents are classified into three types: seed soaking agents, seed dressing agents, and seed coating agents.
Seed treatment agent overview
In practical applications, the people often cannot distinguish between seed coatings and seed dressings. They are often referred to as “seed dressingsâ€. Although they are used as seed treatments, they are used as seed coating agents.
In fact, the seed dressing agent and the seed soaking agent have the common point that the farmer treats the seed with a solid pesticide or an aqueous solution containing the pesticide according to the needs of the control before planting, which is a method belonging to field application, and the seed coating agent is An upgraded version of the seed dressing.
Composition of seed dressing: active substance + solvent + auxiliary material (dye, etc.).
The composition of the seed coating agent: active substance + film forming agent + other additives (dispersant, penetrant, rheological additive, antifreeze, antifoaming agent, etc.) + filler + auxiliary ingredients (micro fertilizer, plant growth regulator , water retention) Agent, oxygen supply, etc.) + warning color.
The seed coating agent is developed on the basis of seed dressing and seed soaking agent. The biggest advantage is that a coating film (or protective layer) having a certain function and coating strength is formed on the surface of the plant seed.
Note: Generally, coated seeds can be used without pesticides in the bud period and seedling period for nearly 45 days, and the dosage is only about 1/50 of the field application. Therefore, it is called the newest pesticide-saving dosage form.
The active substance is the main formula of the seed coating agent, and is also the main part of the pest control function, and includes a bactericide, an insecticide , a nematicide, a plant growth regulator, a corresponding protective agent, a trace element and the like.
It should be noted that the warning color is actually to play a certain warning role, indicating that these seeds are treated with chemicals and cannot be used for food and feed.
However, our farmers have long had some wrong perceptions. For example, the deeper the color of the coating agent, the greater the stimulating taste, the higher the efficacy, but it is not.
Misunderstanding
Misunderstanding 1: The "color" is the seed treatment
It is not the seed of the color that is the seed treatment. Many unscrupulous traders seize this misunderstanding and sell a lot of seeds that are only dyed by pigments. They have no protective effect on the seeds and have no promotion effect on the germination of the seeds.
Misunderstanding 2: Seed treatment without fertilization
Some merchants have over-marketed, causing the majority of growers to have misunderstandings about seed processing.
Seed treatment can effectively prevent disease, prevent insects, and even achieve the effect of strong seedlings, play the role of fertilizer, can play a role in the whole growth period of the crop, but any seed treatment products can not replace pesticides and fertilizers.
Especially in the middle and late stages of crop growth, the agent naturally decomposes in the environment, or is absorbed by the crop, and gradually loses its effect. It is still necessary to decide whether to control pests or diseases or supplement nutrients according to the specific conditions in the field.
Misunderstanding 3: Seed dressing for seed dressing
Seed dressing is good, but it is not omnipotent.
Seed dressing is only effective for soil-borne or seed-borne diseases, underground pests and some above-ground pests. Seed dressing with micro-fertilizer or conditioner is a supplement to soil fertilization and cannot replace fertilization. The active ingredient in the seed dressing, whether it is a fungicide or an insecticide, has a limited target.
Therefore, the selection of seed dressings should be targeted, and the pests and diseases in the area are serious, so it is necessary to select products in a targeted manner.
If the total eclipse is serious, it is recommended to choose the components such as thiazolamide, difenoconazole and flavonoids; if the root rot and smut are serious, you can use difenoconazole to prevent and control wheat glutinous rice. Choose imidacloprid or thiamethoxam.
In addition, it is necessary to select a suitable coating according to the wheat variety, in order to make up for the purpose of congenital deficiency, and effectively reduce the variety disadvantage.
Myth 4: The more ingredients, the better.
This kind of thinking is completely wrong! It is a three-point drug. Unreasonable compounding will cause great damage to the seeds. There are too many kinds of ingredients, which may cause chemical reactions between each other, but it will not achieve the desired effect.
Myth 5: The more expensive the product, the better the effect
Your product will have an advantage, but it is not necessarily the most suitable.
Different brands of the same dosage form of the product often have obvious differences in quality. When choosing, you don't have to be superstitious about high-priced, new and unique products. On the one hand, you should choose the right product according to your own needs. On the other hand, you must choose to use it. History and good reputation products.
Misunderstanding 6: Low rate of sprouting is the fault of coating
In recent years, there have been many cases in which the seedling rate has been low due to seed treatment, and even the event of no emergence has occurred, and disputes have continued. And once the problem is exposed, most people point their finger at the seed treatment agent. This is unscientific.
Problems arise, and more are caused by improper use (excessive use), extreme conditions such as high temperature, low temperature, high humidity, and drought.
It is undeniable that some problems are indeed the cause of seed processing. For example, informal enterprise products, adding hidden components, blindly used for non-registered crops, etc., but as long as the choice of regular manufacturers and branded products, these problems generally do not appear, and their safety has been verified through field trials/experimental demonstrations. Departmental recognition.
Misunderstanding 7: Large bottles of seed dressings are more effective
Many farmers choose seed dressings, and the same price tends to be larger in large bottles. It feels that the larger packaging volume is more effective and the effect will be better. In fact, this is only a psychological effect.
The effect of the pesticide depends on the content and dosage of the active ingredient. For the seed dressing, the low content of the active ingredient often compensates for the deficiency of the active ingredient in the dosage. Therefore, the choice of seed dressing should be more specific formula and content.
Misunderstanding 8: The better the coating effect is, the brighter the coating is, the better the coating agent is.
The film-forming agent is a chemical substance, and the hydrophilic group and the hydrophobic group determine the brightness of the appearance. The purpose of film formation is to smoothly seed the seed during mechanical seeding, and the color of the film is independent of the effect of the seed coating itself.
On the contrary, the film-forming substance will affect the water-permeable and permeable function of the seed. In the low temperature state, it will not promote the early germination of the seed, but will affect the normal germination of the seed.
Suggest
Good effect in advance
Seed dressing in advance: The agent will be better adhered to the seed for a longer period of time, at least three days in advance, otherwise it will easily fall off.
Use special machine for seed dressing to ensure even seed dressing
Seed dressing strictly according to the instructions, control the ratio of medicine, seed and water. The special machine can distribute the medicine evenly on the seed. After mixing, you need to dry in the shade and wait until it is dry.
In short, seed treatment is not complicated for professional growers, and mastering scientific treatment programs can do more with less.
More pesticide knowledge , please pay attention to China Pesticide Network
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