The ginger field showed signs of stagnation after herbicide application, with plants appearing stunted. Some leaves displayed yellowing, necrotic spots, localized dryness, and slight stem shrinkage and bending. Root development was also poor, significantly affecting the overall yield. It is crucial to use **pesticides** correctly to avoid such issues.
Here are some recommended practices:
1. **Before sowing**: Apply metolachlor or alachlor to the field.
2. **Pre-emergence stage**: Use oxaloyl, chlorpyrifos, herbicide ether, butachlor, or chlorpyrifos for spraying. Be cautious when applying on sandy soils, as these require reduced application rates.
3. **After seedlings emerge**: Use chlorofluorophenoxyacetic acid for targeted spraying.
Proper use of **herbicides** is essential for effective weed control without harming the ginger plants. Here are key guidelines:
1. **Control the dosage and concentration**: Ensure even coverage by maintaining a steady walking speed and manually adjusting spray width. Avoid over-application or under-application.
2. **Be aware of crop sensitivity periods**: Apply herbicides during times when the plants are least vulnerable to damage.
3. **Avoid misuse**: Do not apply herbicides randomly or in incorrect combinations.
4. **Technical tips for herbicide application**:
- **"One level"**: The field should be well-prepared, with a flat surface free of large clods or depressions.
- **"Two uniforms"**: Mix the herbicide thoroughly with the carrier solution and ensure even distribution during spraying or soil treatment.
- **"Three accuracies"**: Accurate timing, accurate amount, and accurate area coverage. For example, use 150–180 ml of 33% weeding emulsifiable concentrate per acre, mixed with 60 liters of water, and spray before the ginger seedlings emerge.
In case of herbicide phytotoxicity, it’s important to take corrective measures:
- **Strengthen field management**: Combine irrigation with the application of quick-acting fertilizers like urea to help the plants recover.
- **Improve soil conditions**: Loosen the soil, break up compaction, and enhance permeability to increase root absorption of water and nutrients.
- **Promote microbial activity**: This helps accelerate nutrient breakdown and supports plant recovery.
- **Foliar spray**: Apply a 1–2% urea solution or 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution at 30–50 kg per mu.
- **Biological preparations**: China Pesticide Network recommends using Yingtian No. 2 multi-functional biological preparation diluted 600 times to support plant growth and recovery.
By following these steps, farmers can minimize herbicide-related damage and improve the health and productivity of their ginger crops.
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