Since Edison invented the lamp, we began to use lamps for every household. From water and fire lamps to small light bulbs that evangelize sixty light bulbs, the revolution of the light is constantly being carried out, and they are all developed into lamps and fluorescent lamps. Among them, fluorescent lamps are relatively bright compared to other lamps, and they are more energy-efficient, so for us, basically every family will use them. In fact, there are reasons why fluorescent lamps may emit light. Among them, ballasts play an important role. So, how to determine the quality of the ballast? Fluorescent lamp ballast repair method is like? Fluorescent lamp is the best helper to improve the atmosphere in family life. If something goes wrong, everyone's first thought is that the lamp is broken. In actual fact, the ballasts at both ends of the lamp are also frequently problems. Today, I will take everyone to know about the maintenance of fluorescent ballasts .
Fluorescent ballast structure
The internal structure of the ballast:
Fuses, rectifier diodes (4 for AC/DC conversion), fast-recovery diodes (3, triode bias, triggered shutdown), trigger diode (high-frequency signal generation), high-voltage power transistor (2, high-frequency switch Power amplifiers, filter electrolytic capacitors (DC power supply filtering), high voltage capacitors (impedance matching), low voltage capacitors (consisting of resistors with triggering power supply), light-up capacitors (connected to the lamp to generate the light-up voltage), feedback coils (magnetic rings, Winding coil, inductor (as high-frequency output matching), small resistor (4, respectively, for charging, triode bias, impedance matching).
Ballast fixing structure:
The ballast is arranged on the bracket shell. The fixed ends of the shell of the ballast are provided on the two ends of the ballast. The bar-shaped locking slot is arranged on the corresponding position of the fixing slot on the bracket shell, and a locking seat of a software is arranged on the ballast shell. On the fixing groove of the body, the lower end of the locking seat has an extension card portion, the card portion passes through the fixing groove and the strip-shaped lock groove, and the card portion is further provided with a concave bayonet that can lock the inner edge of the strip-shaped lock groove.
When the ballast is fixed, the card body at the lower end of the soft body locking seat first corresponds to the fixing groove and the strip lock groove position, and then the card portion passes through the fixing groove and the strip lock groove, and then the locking seat rotates at a certain angle. The locking seat locks the inner edge of the strip-shaped locking groove by using a concave bayonet on the card portion, that is, the ballast is fixed on the bracket shell.
The ballast fixing structure has the advantages of simple and reasonable structure and convenient ballast installation and disassembly.
Fluorescent ballast voltage
The function of the ballast is to superimpose the self-inductance voltage generated at the moment of disconnection of the bubble jumper (starter) on the 220V mains to stimulate the mercury vaporization in the lamp tube to ionize and luminesce. Once the lamp is normally turned on, the town emits light. The inductor is connected to the circuit in series. The lamp and the ballast are connected in series at 220V. The working voltage of the lamp is divided by the ballast and lamp on the 220V power supply. Than the decision.
How does the ballast work?
When the switch is turned on, the power supply voltage is immediately applied to the two poles of the starter through the ballast and the lamp filament. The voltage of 220 volts immediately ionizes the inert gas of the starter, producing a glow discharge. The heat of this process causes the bimetal to expand thermally, because the dynamic and static contacts have different degrees of expansion, and the U-shaped movable contact expands and elongates, contacts the static contact and contacts the circuit, and the two ends of the ballast contact. Current flows through the ballast, the starter contact and the filaments at both ends. At this time, since the two poles of the starter are closed, the voltage between the two poles is zero, the helium in the starter stops conducting, the glow discharge disappears, the temperature inside the tube drops, the U-shaped movable contact plate cools and shrinks, the two contacts are separated, and the circuit automatically disconnect.
How to distinguish between good and bad ballasts
1, look at the appearance, if the ballast burned out, the shell will be black.
2, electric pen detection, inlet and outlet ends have a shell
The lack of power at the line end indicates that the ballast is bad and the fuse at the line terminal is short-circuited
There is electricity at the incoming end and there is no electricity at the outgoing end to explain the internal open circuit of the ballast
Enclosure charge indicates ballast leakage
3, if there is electricity in and out of the line, the shell is not charged, and at the same time the light is not bright, it can also be judged by replacing the trigger. If you change the trigger without lighting, then the ballast is broken.
How to determine the quality of ballast
1. According to international standards, lighting up to 20% for 1 second, 80% or more brightness in 4 seconds is a good ballast, and that kind of ballast that reaches 80% brightness or 4 seconds does not reach the standard brightness. Poor quality.
2, the old-fashioned wire-wound, a good amount, use a multimeter on it. Use the 200-gear position of the European female file (resistance file)!
3. The output of the electronic ballast has four connections. Two of them are connected to the ends of one capacitor. The other two are voltage output terminals. If the voltage output terminal does not have a high-frequency AC voltage output, it is a fault. The common fault of the electronic ballast is generally the damage of the oscillating tube, the damage of the oscillating capacitor, and the leakage of the filter capacitor.
Fluorescent ballast maintenance
The fluorescent lamp is broken. It is very likely that the electronic ballast is damaged. Because the rectification filter electrolytic capacitor in the electronic ballast is easily broken down, the capacitor breakdown causes a chain reaction, causing breakdown of the rectifier diode and the power amplifier tube, so it will make a sound and have a burnt smell. Inductor ballast damage generally does not have sound, only the burning smell. It is best to replace the new ballast.
Before replacing a new ballast, you can try to restart the ballast: reconnect the ballast wiring, and select one of the live zero wires. If it must be replaced, the general domestic fluorescent lamp ballasts are inside the lamp head and the lamp head is opened. We can see a small integrated circuit block, and that's it. We need to cut off the integrated circuit blocks at both ends of the lamp head, keeping the terminals from both ends of the lamp.
Editor's summary: After learning about the maintenance method of the ballast, it is a reminder again, if you want to replace it with your own hands, remember to power off!! Do a good job of safety protection. Before you figure out how to replace the ballast, do not take it easy. Hands-on, so as not to replace the lamp, causing personal injury. As the saying goes: to prevent it from happening, at the beginning of everyone's renovation, the materials used are best still with well-known brands. The first is that the brand's products have quality assurance, but if there is a problem later, it will be easier to repair and replace the same type of accessories. Buy in the market.
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