Emergency rescue of drowning accidents

In hot summer and autumn seasons, swimming has become a good summer method for teenagers. However, during the swimming process, some teenagers are not prepared and lack safety awareness. They are panic-stricken when they encounter an accident and cannot calm down and make drowned casualties. In the summer, it is extremely common. In the face of such accidents, how should fire and rescue personnel adopt proper rescue methods to reduce the occurrence of tragedies? Combining with the recent rescue practice of handling such accidents, the author talks about some superficial understandings and hopes to provide help to front-line officers and soldiers.

A common cause of drowning accidents

The general cause of drowning accidents is due to the inhalation of large amounts of moisture in the trachea to prevent breathing, or due to strong pharyngeal spasm, causing respiratory tract closure and suffocation. For people who swim, the cause of drowning is mostly insufficient preparatory activities before the launch of the water, cold water temperatures, or excessive fatigue caused by prolonged swimming.

Second, on-site rescue measures

1, the water rescue.

Before firefighting personnel go into the water, they should take off their underwear and shoes. Two or three people form a group. Then they bring lifebuoys or floaters to save water. During the process of water travel, the team members should take care of each other. It seizes the life buoy. The rescuer then assists the drowning person to swim to the shore. If there is no life buoy or floating object, the rescuer must be careful when approaching the drowning person. Do not be caught by it. It is best to approach from behind the drowning person and get out of the water. The front of the chest stretches to the opposite side of the armpit, and its head is tightly clamped on his chest and pulled out of the water. The other hand strokes the water, and the backstroke drags it towards the shore. He should be informed loudly to the conscious, only to give up. Strive to follow instructions to survive.

During the rescue process, firefighters must ensure that the drowning person's head and face are exposed to the surface of the water to ensure smooth breathing. Secondly, they can reduce the sense of crisis and fear of the drowning person and reduce the struggle, so that the rescuer can save energy and smoothly escape the danger. territory.

Rescue workers will be very dangerous if they are caught by the drowning person, because entanglement with them in the water will consume a lot of strength of the rescuers, and ultimately will not be able to implement the rescue or even lose their strength and die. If accidentally caught by the drowning person, the fire and rescue personnel should be in no danger of chaos. When the drowning person is brought up out of the water, he will actively sink himself. Once the drowning person breathe air on the water, he will not desperately grasp the sinking. The human body, at this time, the rescue team other officers and soldiers should immediately wait for an opportunity to trap the drowning person, so that the rescued rescued rescued.

2. Shore rescue

After the drowning person is rescued from shore, fire and rescue personnel should take effective and immediate first aid measures to save his life.

First of all, rescue workers should remove foreign matter such as sludge and weeds from the mouth of the drowning person and remove the active denture so as not to fall into the trachea. Keep the airway open. Unzip the underwear, bra, belt, etc., so that breathing exercises are not bound by external forces. This process should be completed quickly.

For those who still have heartbeat breathing, but have significant airway obstruction, the first drainage treatment is as follows: the rescuer squats on one leg and the other leg bends and places the abdomen of the drowning person on the knees of the knees, causing the rest of the body to sagging. , and then shoot back, so that the oral pharynx and tracheal water discharge. Drainage treatment should be shortened as much as possible, and the action should be agile. If there is not much water to be discharged, it must not affect other rescue measures. In rural areas, the drowning person can lie prone on the back of the cow, hung his head and feet, and drive the cow to walk. This way, it can drain water and play artificial respiration.

If it is determined that the drowning person has stopped breathing and the heart rate has stopped, immediately under the conditions of keeping the airway open, perform mouth-to-mouth artificial respiration and chest cardiac massage. Artificial respiration must be used vigorously when blowing into the lungs of the drowning person in order to pressurize the gas into the atrophic lung and to improve the suffocation as soon as possible. While on-site rescue, medical personnel should be promptly invited to participate in the rescue. After initial on-site emergency treatment, it should be promptly transferred to a nearby hospital for cardiopulmonary resuscitation. During the transfer, mouth-to-mouth artificial respiration and extrathoracic cardiac massage should be interrupted.

After on-site first-aid drowning person recovers from heartbeat breathing, the wet and cold clothes can be taken off and wrapped in dry blankets to keep warm; if soaked in cold weather or long-time water, heat treatment should be given while keeping warm, and the hot water bottle should be put Into the blanket, pay attention to prevent burns.

Third, drowning accident rescue precautions

Upon receiving an order, the fire brigade commander should prepare life-saving equipment (life jackets, life rings, safety ropes, and assault boats), and select combatants with good water and physical quality to participate in on-site rescue operations. After reaching the accident site, the fire and rescue personnel should be able to see the location of the drowning person, make preparations before going into the water, exercise the muscles of the extremities properly, ensure the circulation of the whole body's blood, and fasten the safety rope. During swimming, rescue workers should not panic if they have cramps on their calves or legs. They can force their legs or do jumps, or force massages, pull on cramps, and call their peers for help. If there is drowning, you can take self-rescue method: In addition to calling for help, take a supine position, head back, so that the face, nose can be exposed on the surface of the water to breathe. Breath should be shallow and inhale deeply. Because when inhaling deeply, the specific gravity of the human body drops to 0.967, slightly lighter than water and can float to the surface (the proportion of the human body when exhaling is 1.057, which is slightly heavier than water). At this time, do not panic, and then slowly swim to the shore or People on the shore are pulled ashore through safety ropes and do not let their arms slam in order to sink their bodies faster.