Bean horn is one of the main vegetable crops in our province. It is cultivated everywhere and covers an area of ​​over 700,000 mu. Beans are rich in protein and carotene, have high nutritional value and good taste. They are very popular among people. The sowing and main fertilization techniques are introduced below.
I. Sowing time and specifications The bean varieties currently cultivated in our province are mostly long bean and medium-light types. The requirements for light are not strict, and they can be planted in spring, summer and autumn.
The varieties are mainly divided into two types: one is the green bean horn, mainly Qitailu, Suijiao 101 , Xinqing, Zhejiang Qing, Huanghuaqing, Jinqing, Teqing and other varieties; the second is the white bean horn, mainly uncovered No. 2 , Luhuabai, Erlubai, August Bean, Xiabao, Taixuan, Chunyan, Jindi, Jinsui and other varieties --- Fengchan No. 2 is a type of oil green beans between green beans and white beans. Very popular with consumers.
Beans are warm and heat-resistant, but not resistant to frost. The whole growth period needs to be carried out under frost-free conditions. Which plant growth temperature for 20 ~ 30 ℃, flowering pod junction temperature for 20 ~ 25 ℃. When the temperature is lower than 10 °C, the absorption capacity of the root system is obviously affected. The plants below 5 °C are affected, and the stems are dead near 0 °C. The minimum temperature in the spring sowing period of Datian in our province should be above 5 °C, and the sowing period in autumn is calculated by the lowest temperature in the late stage of bean pods above 5C .
Beans are required to be planted with sorghum, with a width of 1.6 cm (groove) and a height of 25 cm. Each planting is 2 rows with a plant spacing of 22 to 25 cm.
Second, the reasonable fertilization of beans should not be strict on the planting site, but in order to obtain high yield, it is necessary to choose slightly acidic sandy loam, and no more than two years of planting of legume crops. Soil acidity is too large and lime is used for neutralization.
Insufficient fertilizer and water in seedling stage, weak growth of seedling stems, can not capture high yield, but too much fertilizer in the early stage will cause excessive plant growth, light long vines, less inflorescences, fewer pods, lower flowering nodes, lateral buds sprouting, forming lower middle and lower parts. Stems. Therefore, in the early stage of bean cultivating, the fertilization was mainly based on the base fertilizer, and the fertilizer and water were increased during the flowering and pod-forming period. Generally , the application of base fertilizer is 2000 kg, the application of urea is 5 kg at the seedling stage , and the topdressing of the flowering and pod-forming period is 2 times. Each application of compound fertilizer is 20 kg, which can be applied or applied. In the flowering and pod-forming period, the root-dressing (the concentration should not exceed 0.4% ) and spraying the flower-preserving pods , usually spraying a high-efficiency foliar fertilizer once a week with a mixture of high-livid, Tianfengsu, brassinoside and other flower-protecting pods. liquid.
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