Printing is the process of transferring the graphic information on the original to the substrate using a printing plate or other means, that is, using an analog or digital image carrier to transfer the coloring agent/color material (such as ink) onto the substrate. The copy process. Since the invention of woodcut type printing technology in China, printing methods have been changing with each passing day. The most common industrial printing methods available today are:
First, offset printing
Offset is also known as offset printing in Hong Kong, Guangdong. It is a kind of lithographic printing and is the main printing method at present. Offset printing can restore the color, contrast and level of the original with high precision. It is the most common paper printing method. Suitable for posters, intros, brochures, newspapers, packaging, books, magazines, calendars and other related color prints.
Second, flexographic printing
Flexography, a type of letterpress printing technology, also known as flexographic printing. Use rubber and soft resin as the printing plate and print with water-soluble colorant. The pigment used initially was an aniline type dye, so it used to be called aniline printing. Often used for printing plastic bags, labels and corrugated paper. The fineness of the printing dots and lines is gradually approaching offset printing.
Third, screen printing
Screen printing, as a kind of printing with a wide range of uses, can be divided into: fabric printing, plastic printing, metal printing, ceramic printing, glass printing, electronic product printing, lottery silk screen printing, electric decoration, whiteboard silk screen printing, according to the differences of printing materials. Metal slogan silk screen printing, stainless steel finished silk screen printing, light reflector silk screen printing, screen printing anodized aluminum, silk screen printing and lacquer silk screen printing and so on.
It is one of the stencil printing technologies, and the printing ink is particularly thick, and it is best to produce special effects printing. The amount is not large and the ink color is particularly suitable. It can also be printed on the three-dimensional surface, such as square boxes, boxes, round bottles, cans, and the like. In addition to paper, it can also be printed on cloth, plastic fabric, plywood, film, metal sheet, glass, etc. Common new products include banners, pennants, T-shirts, corrugated boxes, soda bottles and circuit boards. The flexibility of screen printing is unmatched by other printing methods.
Fourth, gravure printing
Suitable for printing high quality and expensive prints, whether in color or black and white, the gravure effect is comparable to photographic photos. Since the plate making fee is expensive and the amount of printing must be large, it is also one of the less common methods. Applicable to the printing of securities, stocks, gift certificates, commercial credits or stationery.
Technology is developing rapidly, and today we can use the above-mentioned printing methods to output directly on the media. The maturity of electrostatic imaging and laser technology enables small-volume, high-quality "on-demand printing".
Five, other printing methods
1. Transfer printing: The printing method in which the ink is first printed on a medium and then transferred from the medium to the substrate.
2. Woodcut watermark: also known as woodblock watermark. A conventional process of patterning a plurality of printing plates and then printing them with water-soluble coloring matter.
3. Lithography: referred to as lithograph. A lithographic direct printing process using stone as a plate.
4. Miluo printing: also known as glass printing. The photosensitive layer was coated with thick glass and exposed to a negative image to form different water absorption. Printed using the oil-water mutual exclusion principle.
5. 誊 printing version: hand-printed wax paper stencil.
6. Copper-zinc printing: also known as letterpress printing. A printing method using a copper plate or a zinc plate as a printing plate.
7. Resin printing: A printing method using a resin, nylon, or the like as a printing plate.
8. Paper-based printing: Small lithography using paper as a plate.
9. Light printing: Also known as office printing system. Photo printing, small offset press, printing system for small binding machines.
10. Web Printing: The concept of web printing was introduced to China in 2005. It is a solution for the printing service provided by the application network. Customers can get the printed materials they want by using a personal computer.
Sixth, special printing
The so-called special printing is to print products and media that cannot be printed by conventional equipment and technology through special equipment and special technology. The equipment that can carry out such printing mainly includes: screen printing machine, gravure printing machine, lithographic UV printer, UV offset printing machine.
In addition to ordinary paper printing, printing of other printing materials can be classified into special printing areas, such as metal sheet printing (printed iron), decal printing, hose printing, glass container printing, integrated circuit board printing.
In addition to the conventional printing methods (offset, embossing, gravure, screen printing), other printing methods can also be classified as special printing: such as electrostatic printing, thermal transfer, inkjet printing, electromagnetic printing, three-dimensional printing (including holographic printing) and Braille printing.
In addition to the use of conventional inks, printing using other special inks (such as anti-counterfeiting inks) can almost be classified as special printing. For example, glass, ceramic, enamel printing ink, metal printing ink, anti-counterfeiting ink, thermal transfer and water transfer printing ink, conductive ink printing method.
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