According to foreign media New Atlas, tiny semiconductor dots are small enough to take advantage of the weirdness of quantum mechanics and have great potential in solar energy. These flexible and cheap quantum dots can replace traditional silicon as photovoltaic materials, and are expected to bring many benefits, but their efficiency in converting sunlight into energy is not one of them. Scientists studying this issue have made a major breakthrough recently. The quantum dot solar cells they developed have been nearly 25% higher than the previous world record, and have brought the idea of ​​flexible, transparent solar cells one step closer.
Quantum dot solar cells have the ability to be made into thin, light, and flexible films that can generate electrical energy from the sun. Therefore, quantum dot solar cells have become the real focus of scientists in this field. However, they are far behind the efficiency of standard solar cells by about 20%, but scientists are now gradually closing the gap.
The previous record of conversion efficiency of quantum dot solar cells set by the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) is 13.4%. Scientists at the University of Queensland in Australia have now made significant progress, setting a new world record of 16.6% and validating it through independent tests.
"Our efficiency is nearly 25% higher than the previous world record, which is very important," said Professor Wang Lianzhou who led the study. "This is actually the difference between the exciting 'prospect' of quantum dot solar cell technology and commercially viable." According to the team, the surface of other quantum dots may be very rough and unstable, which hinders its efficiency. They overcome this problem with a new manufacturing technology that provides their new quantum dots with new features to overcome these deficiencies.
Wang told "New Atlas", "We intentionally controlled the surface functional chemicals on the quantum dots, thus developing a new surface engineering method that can not only stabilize the quantum dots, but also maintain a smooth path for electrons to pass (current). . "
According to Wang Lianzhou and his team, these efficiency levels open up some exciting possibilities. Because these quantum dots are flexible and can be printed on a large scale in a cost-effective manner, with further work, they can take the form of transparent skins that can be stacked on airplanes, cars, and houses to generate electricity . Now, they will continue to develop the technology to accomplish these goals.
Wang Lianzhou said: "In the future, we will further improve the efficiency of quantum dot solar cells, expand the printing technology of solar cells on flexible and transparent substrates for building windows, wearable electronic devices, and expand the application of quantum dots to LED And other fields. "
The research was published in the journal Natural Energy.
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