"Aluminum foam, 3D printing materials, ionic liquids, metamaterials, superconducting materials, amorphous alloys, fullerenes, aerogels, carbon nanotubes and graphene." December 12, 2014, the new material online CEO Zhao Wenfeng In the first session of the New Materials Industry Capital Technology Summit, the top ten most promising new materials were released. He said, "Although many new materials are far from industrialization, their investment value has gradually emerged."
Figure 1 foam aluminum composite board
Porous metal foam aluminum, which is one of the ten most promising new materials, has a lot of internal pores, so it has the advantages of light weight and high specific strength. It also has strong energy absorption, impact resistance and high specific strength. , electromagnetic shielding, sound absorption performance, high damping, low thermal conductivity, low conductivity and other special advantages, has been widely used in rail transit, aerospace, military, automotive, green building chemicals and telecommunications and other fields.
What is foam aluminum
Foam aluminum is made of pure aluminum or aluminum alloy and added with additives. After foaming process, it has both metal and bubble characteristics. At present, there are many preparation methods for foam aluminum, among which three methods of direct air blowing, adding foaming agent and powder metallurgy are relatively mature, and they have been applied industrially.
Figure 2 Add foaming agent process
Foam aluminum market
According to statistics, in 2013 foreign foam aluminum production reached 3.381 million tons , consumption reached 3.869 million tons , and the demand satisfaction rate reached 92.4% . In 2014 , the foreign foam aluminum market output will reach 3.757 million t , consumption will reach 4.213 million t , and the demand satisfaction rate will reach 87.3% .
According to the new material online statistics, the domestic aluminum market bubble in demand of about 200 000 t, the output value of 10 billion yuan. Since the development of high-speed rail and other transportation facilities, the demand for aluminum foam coming years is expected to increase substantially if the annual demand of 500,000 t, the domestic market size of about 25 billion yuan.
Pan Yulong, the general manager of Hangzhou Longbang Alloy Technology Co., Ltd., said that domestic foam aluminum is used as sound insulation or sound-absorbing materials. Currently, it is widely used in traffic areas, such as noise barriers on both sides of the road. The vigorous development of high-speed rail has greatly increased the application of foam aluminum. For Longbang Alloy, the sales volume of foam aluminum in 2014 increased by about 60% .
Which is China's aluminum foam?
At present, the industrialization of foreign foam aluminum is better, especially the United States and Germany, and France, South Korea, Canada and Switzerland. The domestic foam aluminum industry does not do much, and the scale is relatively small, there are currently about 20 large and small, more mature technologies are Sichuan Yuanda, Hangzhou Longbang alloy, Liaoning Rongda new materials and other companies.
It is understood that Professor Li Yanxiang, a doctoral supervisor of the Department of Mechanical Engineering at Tsinghua University, has done a lot of research on porous metals, especially aluminum foam. Since 2007 , Professor Li Yanxiang has devoted himself to the industrialization of foam aluminum production by melt process foaming. He has successfully produced high-quality foam composite panels in Hangzhou Longbang Alloy Technology Co., Ltd., and the products have been successfully applied to large and medium-sized domestic project. In addition, Liaoning Rongda New Material Technology Co., Ltd. is also relying on Tsinghua University as its main technology to produce, research, develop and sell high-performance foamed aluminum plates and solid-state solidified porous metals. Currently, it has built a 10,000-ton foam aluminum sheet production line.
Universities such as Beijing University of Science and Technology, Northeastern University, Southeast University, and Hohai University have also done some research on aluminum foam, and some of the results have also been industrialized.
Where is the aluminum foam road?
Professor Yang Donghui from the School of Mechanics and Materials, Hohai University, said that the preparation technology of foam aluminum has been relatively mature, and the key lies in seeking downstream applications. According to New Materials Online, the most promising markets for foam aluminum in the next few years are aluminum foam acoustic screens ( for highways, railways, buildings ) and aluminum foam sandwich panels ( for construction, subways, high-speed trains ) . Lightweight and anti-terrorism explosion will also accelerate the application of foam aluminum.
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