Earthquake rescue knowledge

How to personally protect public places

When an earthquake hits a crowded public place, the most panic must be avoided. Otherwise, it will cause chaotic order and crush each other, resulting in casualties. It should be organized and quickly evacuated from multiple intersections.

1. If you are experiencing an earthquake in theaters, stadiums, etc., be calm and calm, especially when there is a power outage on the site, do not scream and shout, and do not clutter crowded crowds. You should squat down or hide under a bench. Pay attention to avoid pendants, electric fans and other hanging objects. Use a purse and other objects to protect the head. After the earthquake, follow the instructions of the staff and evacuated in an organized manner.
2. During the earthquake, you are at a mall, a bookstore, an exhibition hall, etc. You should choose strong counters, goods (such as low furniture, etc.) or pillars, and kneeling at the corners of the interior walls. Use your hands or other things to protect your head. Avoid glass doors, windows, and glass windows. You can also squat down the passageway, wait for the earthquake to subside, and evacuate in an orderly manner.
3, students in class, under the command of the teacher to quickly hold their heads, eyes closed, hiding under their own desks, must not run around or jump, after the earthquake, organized evacuation of the classroom, to the nearest open area to avoid shock.
4. In the stadium where the competition is underway, the competition shall be stopped immediately, stabilize the mood of the audience, prevent confusion and congestion, and evacuation outside the stadium in a systematic and systematic manner.

Four common senses of self-help during an earthquake

Do not be anxious during a major earthquake

The devastating earthquake from the people's feelings of vibration to the destruction of buildings averages only 12 seconds. In this short period of time, you should not panic. You should make quick and safe choices according to your environment. If you live in a bungalow, you can quickly go outside the door. If you live in a building, do not jump off the building. You should immediately switch off the switch, switch off the gas, and avoid the rest of the room, such as the restroom, or tables, beds, etc. After the earthquake, quickly withdraw to prevent strong aftershocks.

2. Many people seek hiding places first

If schools, shops, theaters, and other places where people gather, they should avoid panic when they encounter earthquakes. They should immediately hide under desks, chairs, or sturdy items, and then evacuate in an orderly manner after the earthquake. Teachers and other field workers must calmly direct people to avoid earthquakes on the ground and must not take the lead.

3. Keep away from danger zone

If you encounter an earthquake on the street, use your hands to protect your head and move away from the building quickly to the heart of the street. If you experience an earthquake in the suburbs, you should pay attention to the distance away from the cliffs, steep slopes, river banks, and high-voltage lines. Cars and trains that are driving should be parked immediately.

4. Buried to save physical strength

If you are buried in ruins after the earthquake, try to stay calm and try to save yourself. When you can't get out of danger, save your energy, try your best to find water and food, create living conditions, and wait patiently for rescue workers.

Indoor emergency earthquake protection action during an earthquake

Anti-seismic damage is mainly caused by damage to buildings and items that have been shaken. If there is an imminent earthquake forecast, you can follow the government notice and leave the building. But in most cases, the earthquake happened suddenly. Get the best protection from your own emergency action within 12 seconds. The approach is: Once an earthquake occurs, if it is at home, the gas and electric gates should be immediately shut down to extinguish the fire. If you live in a bungalow and are close to the door, you should rush out. If you live in a building, you can hide in a strong bed or under a table, or hide in a room with a smaller span, such as a bathroom or a kitchen, or support a triangular space. Should pay attention to protect the head to prevent foreign body bruises; use a mask to cover your mouth and nose, take the body down. Be careful not to jump from a building or jump to avoid falling or getting stuck in glass; don't go to the balcony, don't go to the elevator, don't go downstairs, don't run around, don't crowd with people, these places are easy to collapse, collapse and squeeze Stepped injury. Especially for sensational earthquakes, it is especially necessary to prevent blind actions and follow the command, otherwise greater losses will result. All indoor personnel should withdraw as soon as possible after the initial earthquake, in squares, parks and other places to avoid aftershocks. When underground shopping malls must follow the instructions of the field staff, do not panic and crowded, should avoid the flow of people to prevent falling; and put your hands on the chest, protect yourself, shoulder and back with external pressure. When moving with the crowd, avoid being pushed into the wall or fence; unfasten your collar and keep your breathing open. Can also hide in the counter, the frame, squatting on the corners of the inner wall and the pillars, protecting the head. If you are in a movie theater, gymnasium or other places, you can stay on the spot under a row of chairs. Use a schoolbag or other object to protect the head 3 and avoid hanging lights or electric fans. The anti-earthquake effect of the civil air defense project is excellent and has been proved by the practice of seismicity in Tangshan and Baotou. So as long as you have time, you can enter civil air defense projects or basements. Because the earthquake has many similarities with the destruction of urban buildings and the impact of nuclear explosions, the protection principles and protection methods are similar. When driving on public electricity and cars, you must grab the handrails and lower your head to avoid falling or bumping. You can lower your center of gravity and hide near your seat to prevent accidents. Wait for the car to stop and get off after the earthquake. The driver must close the window without locking the door. The car's key should remain in the car and act with the car. If people are buried in the rubble, they must try to move things around them, expand space, and reinforce them to prevent aftershocks. Do not use an open flame at this time to prevent flammable gas from leaking and exploding. To cover your nose and mouth and prevent the leakage of toxic gas nearby. Then find an opportunity to call for help and wait for help.

Emergency personnel protection for outdoor personnel

People who are outdoors when the earthquake strikes should be put on their heads with their hands crossed. It is best to cover the head with suitable objects and go to empty places. Pay attention to avoid tall buildings, especially glass-walled buildings, chimneys, water towers, billboards, street lamps, large cranes, brick and tile piles, prefabricated concrete walls, oil depots, dangerous goods warehouses, overpasses, overpasses, etc. Also pay attention to avoid dangerous places such as dilapidated houses and narrow streets. At this time, personnel can enter the roadside building to avoid bruises. Persons on the outskirts of the earthquake should quickly leave dangerous places such as hillside and waterside to prevent sudden events such as slippery slopes, land cracks, and rising water. He got off the bike, stopped driving, and walked by. Listen to the broadcast about the earthquake and the action guide. Emergency Preparedness for Earthquake Preparedness When the government has a short-term forecast or an imminent earthquake prediction, people should act immediately to begin preparations for emergency earthquake preparedness. The main tasks are:
1 Take safety reinforcement measures at home or in school classrooms. For example, the reinforcement cabinet prevents the dumping, fixing the cabinet doors, preventing the objects from falling and damaging the people, and sticking the glass with a transparent film or tape to prevent the debris from hurting and storing the heavy objects in a low position. Reinforced beams, roofs and slab walls. Keep dangerous goods. Prepare fire extinguishing appliances. The purpose of these jobs is to increase the degree of indoor security.
2 As with civil air defense emergencies, personal emergency kits and tents should be prepared.
3According to the emergency division plan of the family, school or unit, confirm the job responsibilities and find out the safety of the school or family so that they can hide and evacuate in an emergency.
4 Learn the skills and knowledge of self-rescue, mutual rescue, extinguishing, repairing, finding, and lifting the wounded. Determine the location of the neighborhood and unit staff after the earthquake, and draw up a plan for emergency rescue.
5 Premonition knowledge before the earthquake: If the water level suddenly rises or falls in the well, there will be odors in the atmosphere, birds, livestock panic, sparks between the wires, blue light in the room, and fluorescent lights. Everyone must know the way to report immediately. But we must never predict "earthquake!" and don't believe in rumors of "earthquakes."