Sclerotium sclerotiorum is the main disease of zucchini, which seriously affects its yield and quality. It is very important to carry out pesticide control in time. China Pesticide Network Xiaobian collects relevant disease prevention and control materials for your reference:
Route of transmission: sclerotia remains in the soil, or mixed in the seeds for winter or summer. The sclerotium mixed in the seed enters the field with the seed of the diseased seed, or the sclerotium left in the soil is germinated to produce a sac sac, which releases the ascospores, spreads with the airflow, infects the senescent petals. Or leaves, grow white hyphae, start to damage stigma or young melon. In the field, the male flowers in the field are contacted by hyphae on the leaves or stems, which may cause the disease, and repeated infection in this way until the conditions deteriorate, and the sclerotia falls into the soil or the plants are mixed into the seeds for wintering. Or the summer. The south is suitable for the disease from February to April and from November to December, and occurs in the north from March to May. The bacteria have higher requirements on moisture; the relative humidity is higher than 85%, and the temperature is 15-20 °C, which is beneficial to sclerotial germination and mycelial growth, invasion and production of ascospore. Therefore, early or late autumn with low temperature, high humidity or heavy rain is conducive to the occurrence and prevalence of the disease, and the sclerotia formation time is short and the number is large. Planting cucurbitaceae, Solanaceae and cruciferous vegetables in successive years, low-lying areas with poor drainage or partial application of nitrogen fertilizer or frost damage, and severe damage under freezing conditions. In addition, the colonization period has a certain impact on the onset.
The prevention and control measures are mainly based on ecological control, supplemented by chemical control, which can control the epidemic.
(1) Agricultural control. According to the pesticide network , conditional implementation and aquatic crop rotation, or soaking the diseased field for half a month in the summer, or deep-deep after harvest, the depth requirement to reach 20 cm, the sclerotia buried in the deep layer, inhibiting the sac disk unearthed. At the same time, formula fertilization technology is adopted to enhance the host disease resistance.
(2) Physical control: Before sowing, soak seeds with 10% saline plus 800 times of new high-fat film for 2-3 times, remove the sclerotia, or use plastic film in the plastic shed to inhibit the formation of ascospore and ascospores. It is also possible to use sorghum to cover the mulch to inhibit the release of ascospores from the ascending sac disk and reduce the bacterial source.
(3) Ecological control. In the morning, the shed is mainly heated by the shed, and the wind is released in the afternoon. After the onset, the night temperature can be appropriately increased to reduce the condensation. The average temperature in the early spring is controlled at 29 °C, and the relative humidity is less than 65%. If the watering is excessive and the soil moisture is high, the watering interval should be extended appropriately.
(4) Disinfection of seeds and soil. Before planting, use 40% pentachloronitrobenzene to form a medicinal soil into the soil. Mix 1 kg of the medicine with 20 kg of fine soil and mix well; soak the seeds with 50 °C warm water and add a new high-fat membrane for 10 minutes to kill the sclerotia. Strengthen the management of seedling stage, rationally close planting, timely soaking the slow seedling water after transplanting, and then rationally topdressing and moderately watering. Spraying Zhuanggu Tieling once in the flowering stage, young fruit stage and fruit expansion period of zucchini, increase the thickness of the pudding It will strengthen the nutrient transport capacity, promote the rapid development of the melon body, and make the melon shape beautiful, so that the zucchini has high yield and high quality.
(5) When there is a sac disk in the shed or open field, it is controlled by smoke or spray. Use 10% quick-acting smoke agent or 45% chlorothalonil smoke agent, 250 grams per acre, smoke for 1 night, once every 8-10 days, alternately or alternately with other methods for 3-4 times; spray 5 % chlorothalonil dust powder, 1 kg per acre; or spray 50% speed Keling WP 1500 times solution, 50% chlorhexidine or 50% chloramphenicol WP 1000 times solution; 60% anti-mildew Ultrafine powder 600 times solution, 20% methyl chlorophosphorus emulsifiable concentrate 1000 times solution, or 50% chlorhexidine WP 1500 times solution plus 70% thiophanate-methyl (methyl thiophanate) WP 1000 times solution Spray in the flowering period, spray 60 liters of good liquid per acre, once every 8-9 days, continuously control 3-4 times. When the condition is serious, in addition to the normal spray, the above sterilizing agent can be converted into 50 times liquid. Apply to the melon vine department, not only to control expansion, but also to treat.
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