[View comments][Expert Q&A][Add to Favorites][Recommended to friends][Publication] 1. Calcium requirement: The requirement for calcium in the breeding period is about 1%, which basically can satisfy the growth and development of the chicken. The need for broiler chickens requires less calcium, and calcium is mainly used for bone growth in chickens. However, after entering the laying period, the demand for calcium increased significantly due to the need for laying eggs, and the calcium content was required to be around 3.5% to meet the demand. Therefore, at this stage, it is necessary to gradually shift the calcium content to the demand during the laying period, and constantly adjust.
If the calcium in the feed is insufficient, it will lead to slow growth of the flock and poor skeletal development. The light bones are brittle and easy to fold, deform and bend, and form cartilage; in severe cases, it can develop into rickets. If the calcium content in the feed is too much, it will easily cause the deposition of calcium salt in the kidney, endangering the normal development of the kidney, affecting the normal function of the kidney, hindering the discharge of uric acid, and causing gout disease in chickens.
2. Calcium supplementation time: The change of calcium in the feed will have a certain impact on the chicken, which will cause great stress on various organs of the chicken, especially the intestine. Therefore, the supplement of calcium requires a transition period, so that the quality of the feed gradually changes, and the content of calcium is from low to high, giving the chickens a suitable process. Generally, the content of stone powder is gradually increased from the beginning of the expected date of birth (18 weeks), that is, about 2 weeks before the start of production, the time of calcium supplementation can also be adjusted according to the condition of the flock.
3. Appropriate amount of calcium in the first trimester: Young laying hens (22 to 40 weeks old) at the beginning of laying, and if the effective utilization rate of calcium is expected to be 60%, in order to meet the calcium requirement of eggshell formation, when the chicken The egg production rate is 70%, and the average daily calcium requirement for each chicken is at least 2.6 grams. When the chicken production rate reaches 80%, 90%, and 100%, the average daily calcium per chicken is The required amounts are 2.7 grams, 3.0 grams, and 3.3 grams, respectively. Taking into account the specific conditions in actual production, for example, when the egg production rate reaches 95%, the actual egg production rate of most chickens in the flock is 100%, so it is given at the level of 100% of the egg production rate. Sufficient calcium is necessary. That is to say, each chicken is given 3.3 grams of calcium per day, which is the necessary amount of calcium for laying hens at the beginning of laying.
4. Favorable intake time: The intake time of calcium is related to the formation of eggshell. The most important time for calcium intake is afternoon, because the eggshell is finished in the afternoon, and the calcium given in the afternoon does not need to pass through the bone. It is deposited into eggshells. Therefore, large-grained calcium carbonate should be fed freely to laying hens in the afternoon. In order to meet the calcium required for eggshell formation, a portion of the calcium can be replenished at night, and each shell is supplied with shell powder or 10-15 g of calcium carbonate granules are mixed into the feed or placed directly in the trough to allow the chickens to eat ad libitum.
5. Precautions for calcium supplementation: The first is that the addition of stone powder should be appropriate, otherwise it will cause severe diarrhea in the flock. Under normal circumstances, the content of calcium is moderately increased with the increase of egg production rate. Generally, the increase of weekly is controlled at about 0.5%, and the increase rate can also be determined according to the increase of egg production rate. Better results. The second is that the calcium content in the feed should vary with the feed intake, in addition to the change in egg production rate. If the summer weather is hot, the feed intake of the chicken is reduced, and the calcium content in the feed should be appropriately increased. At the same time, the ratio of calcium to phosphorus should be paid attention to, and the supplement of vitamin D can be added to the feed, such as bone powder, vitamin A, vitamin D3 powder and cod liver oil. . The third is to avoid stress factors to stimulate all kinds of stress factors can affect the absorption and utilization of calcium in chickens. In the feeding process, stress factors should be minimized, so that the chickens maintain proper density and ventilation, avoiding glare. , high temperature, noise and other stimuli.
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