Silage can retain the original nutrients of green and green feed to the utmost extent, and can effectively kill harmful parasites and microorganisms during anaerobic fermentation of lactic acid bacteria. It is the best for herbivores such as cattle and sheep in winter and spring. A source of quality forage. At the same time, because its production process is simple and easy to learn, it is very popular among farmers. However, in order to produce high quality silage, you need to be proficient in some scientific production techniques.
Early maintenance of silage facilities and processing equipment
Before pressing silage, carefully check the sealing condition of silage facilities such as silage and silage plastic bags. If there is damage, repair it in time to avoid silage failure due to air leakage after storage. At the same time, it is necessary to carefully check and debug the safe operation of silage material processing equipment such as mowers, and timely fill the transmission parts with lubricating oil, sanding or replacing the blades of the mower, and tightening the loose screws to avoid processing equipment. Sudden safety accidents or affecting the silage process.
Use high-quality silage raw materials
High quality silage materials are the basis for high quality silage. Therefore, when selecting crop by-products such as corn stover and sweet potato vine, while ensuring grain yield, we should try to harvest at the best harvesting period to reduce the loss of various nutrients in silage raw materials. If conditions permit, it is best to plant high-quality grasses such as high-density grass and silage corn to produce high-quality silage materials.
Choose in sunny weather
When suppressing silage, it should try to avoid the rainy weather, so as to facilitate the orderly development of the harvesting, processing and pressing of silage raw materials.
Keep the environment and raw materials clean and hygienic
Transportation tools, processing sites and silage facilities should be cleaned, and silage materials should be removed from dirt and gravel.
Keep the proper moisture of silage raw materials
In order to ensure the success of silage, the water content of silage raw materials should be controlled at 65%-70%. If the moisture is too low, the silage material is not easy to be stepped on and the dry mold is caused; if the water is too high, the loss of sugar in the raw material will be aggravated, and the reproduction of the lactic acid bacteria is unfavorable, and the silage is difficult to succeed. Simple method for determining the moisture content of silage raw materials: take a silage in the hand and firmly grip it, such as small water droplets on the finger joints, indicating that the water content is greater than 75%; if it is slightly moist, the water content is between 65% and 75%; Signs of moisture indicate that the water content is below 65%. Therefore, when the water content is too small, an appropriate amount of water can be added to the chopped silage material; and when the water content is high, the air drying can be appropriately performed.
Chopped length should be suitable for
The chopped length of silage is preferably 1.5 cm - 2.5 cm. Too long is not conducive to the compaction of silage, too short to affect the rumen digestion of cattle and sheep.
Maintain the proper sugar content of silage raw materials
The storage quality of silage is related to the fermentation of lactic acid bacteria. The growth of lactic acid bacteria requires a certain amount of sugar to be divided into nutrients. Therefore, the silage must contain a certain amount of sugar, which is generally not less than 1%-1.5% of the weight of fresh raw materials. Corn stems, ears, and potato vines contain enough sugars to easily store silage. However, such as alfalfa and other legumes, potato seedlings and peanut vines, etc., which are less sugary, should not be silaged separately, and should be mixed with other silage with high sugar content, or add 5%-l0% rice bran or wheat bran. To increase the content of sugar.
Silage raw materials should be quickly
First, it is necessary to carry it with you, follow it, install it, and try to fill it on the same day. The second is to install layer by layer and step by step to compaction. The chopped silage should be packed in 20 cm or so before being compacted by people or other means. At the four corners, the air in the silage is removed as much as possible to form a large anaerobic state, which is beneficial to the reproduction of lactic acid bacteria.
Sealing should be strict
When the silage is pressed into the silo, the silage is filled 10 cm to 20 cm higher than the cornice, so that it has a middle height and a low peripheral shape. Then, according to the size of the cornice, cover it with a plastic film, and then press a layer of 40 cm thick fine sand. Pay attention to compacting the plastic film around the corners and corners to ensure the silage is well sealed. status.
Strengthen post-storage management
After the filling and sealing of silage is completed, it is necessary to strengthen management to prevent damage to livestock, poultry or worms, and to repair it when it is damaged, leaked or sealed, to prevent silage from secondary fermentation and spoilage. .
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