Self-driving cars have become the standard bridge for sci-fi movies, as long as they are more or less sci-fi movies, at the end of Marvel's latest movie "The Avengers 2: The Age of Ultron", Tony Star When he pressed the car key, the Audi R8 automatically drove to his side.
Nowadays, self-driving cars have also begun to appear on the road in real life. Among them, Google's self-driving cars are among the most famous, and most car manufacturers are also developing self-driving cars. In 2011, BMW dispatched a self-driving car from Nuremberg, the hometown of the German car manufacturer, to the city of Nuremberg, about 170 kilometers (in case, just in case, the driver still took the driver).
Proponents of autonomous driving technology say that driverless cars will reduce the number of deaths from road traffic accidents, ease traffic congestion, reduce fuel consumption, increase the mobility of the elderly and the disabled, and free up time on the way to and from work. So how does autonomous car work?
In many ways, autonomous vehicles are a reasonable extension of the driver assistance system in existing vehicles, including:
- Lane departure detection system (it will follow road signs and audible warnings and correct direction when the vehicle begins to shift lanes)
- Adaptive cruise control system (which maintains a constant distance from the vehicle in front)
- Automatic parking system (can pour the car into the parking space)
- Emergency braking and satellite navigation systems.
In other words, the computer automatically controls the steering wheel, acceleration and braking of the car based on the current driving situation of the car. For an autonomous vehicle, these systems must be combined with software and supplemented with a series of sensors so that the software knows what is going on around the car.
As a result, today's self-driving cars are full of sensors:
- Sensors can map out the characteristics of the surrounding environment, detect road edges and lane markings, identification signs and traffic lights, and combine cameras, radar and laser to identify pedestrians;
- Ultrasonic detectors provide a more precise environment over short distances;
- Gyros, accelerometers, and altimeters provide more accurate positioning than using Global Positioning System (GPS) satellites alone.
Google’s self-driving cars scan the environment around them and build a detailed 3D map. As the vehicle travels to a particular route each time, it collects more data to update the 3D map. Google's software also records speed limits and data about incidents. Since the roof-mounted sensors of the car can monitor conditions in all directions, it is undoubtedly more powerful than humans.
One day, when the autonomous driving technology is fully mature, will the government order the prohibition of human driving in order for traffic safety?
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